{"id":5490,"date":"2026-11-05T02:37:36","date_gmt":"2026-11-05T02:37:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peykmagazine.com\/en\/?p=5490"},"modified":"2026-11-05T02:37:43","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T02:37:43","slug":"artificial-intelligence-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/peykmagazine.com\/en\/2026\/11\/05\/artificial-intelligence-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Artificial Intelligence"},"content":{"rendered":"

Artificial Intelligence and <\/b><\/span>the Future of Humanity<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

By Hooshyar Afsar<\/b><\/p>\n

\n

Introduction<\/b><\/p>\n

Recent news of incidents when Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents went rogue and hacked other websites outside their assigned tasks have created significant concerns about the future of this technology. The news of these events has caused public anxiety about the potential harms of unregulated AI development at an accelerated pace, including unfettered construction of data centers. The purpose of this article is to separate hype from facts and discuss ways human communities can deal with these issues. For further background on AI and the relevant social issues, please see my article on the same topic in Peyk<\/i> #210. [1]\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Defining AI Terms<\/b><\/p>\n

Before we start talking about the incidents, let\u2019s clarify what certain terms mean. First and foremost is the term alignment<\/b>, which basically means that the design and development of AI should match human values, standards, and ethical principles. Another term is test environment<\/b>, which is distinct from a production environment. A production environment<\/b> is when an application is released to users outside the pure technology realm which, in the case of AI applications like ChatGPT, means the public. According to best technology practices and especially for highly sensitive applications, it is absolutely necessary to have multiple test environments and apply security and access principles similar to the production environment before moving the application to the production environment. Terms like sandbox<\/b> and air gap<\/b> are the ones used for test environments. While sandbox refers to a more loose test environment where developers can make quick changes, air gap means that the environment is in a secure network and doesn\u2019t have access to the general internet where the public and all the websites facing the public live.<\/p>\n

In terms of other AI-specific terminology, let\u2019s start with the Large Language Model<\/b> (LLM<\/b>), which is a type of AI that is trained based on an enormous amount of text to establish patterns based on which responses are summarised, translated, and generated in a human-like language. Then there is the term AI agent<\/b>, which means a piece of autonomous software that uses an LLM to fulfill specific plans\/goals. Most of us are familiar with ChatGPT, which is a Chatbot<\/b> (an application that interacts with users) that uses an LLM to answer users questions and requests. ChatGPT was created by one of the major AI companies, namely OpenAI. Last, but not least, are Artificial General Intelligence<\/b> (AGI<\/b>) and Artificial Super Intelligence<\/b> (ASI<\/b>). AGI means a level of AI that can match or surpass human cognitive capabilities in all areas, while ASI means the same compared to gifted humans. Both of these terms are theoretical and subject to discussion and even controversy; that discussion is beyond the scope of this article.<\/p>\n

The 2026 Incidents<\/b><\/p>\n

The first, and perhaps the most significant, incident that occurred between May and July of this year was when up to 1,200 OpenAI agents that were supposed to conduct a cyber security test were able to establish communication among themselves by setting up a message board and breaking out of their test environment to later hack a major infrastructure AI company called Hugging Face. According to OpenAI (one of the major AI firms and creator of ChatGPT), none of these actions were based on the goals and plans of the agents. The absolute majority of agents were misaligned, meaning they did not follow human values, standards, and ethical principles. In fact, out of roughly 1,200 agents, only six raised an ethical issue with what was being done, meaning that 99.5% of the agents ignored their warnings. Also, the rogue agents tried to \u201cclear their tracks\u201d by erasing the logs (computer files that contain the step-by-step actions of a software program).<\/p>\n

Significantly, this is the first known event in which AI agents created a communication mechanism amongst themselves (a message board), shared their findings, and then took actions including how to escape the test environment and enter the general internet. Not only did the agents hack Hugging Face (i.e., enter that system and its resources without permission), they then turned around and hacked OpenAI. This last fact about agents going back to do things to their parent company for which they did not have permission was recently revealed by Tristan Harris, founder of Center for Humane Technology.<\/p>\n

Hugging Face reported the hack to the FBI in July 2026; only then was the incident later acknowledged by OpenAI. After these revelations, there were more incidents of AI agents from other major AI firms\u2014including Anthropic, Meta, and Google, plus OpenAI\u2014hacking U.S. government sites. As of the writing of this piece, news about rogue AI agents hacking different sites has continued to surface on a regular basis.<\/p>\n

\"\"Hype or Real Danger<\/b><\/p>\n

One could argue these incidents were the AI firms deliberately attempting to drum up publicity or as a way to call for regulation in an effort to absolve themselves of responsibility from future, negative impacts on the public. Calling for government and international regulations by the CEOs of major AI firms would allow them to have a say in or even control the extent of future regulations.<\/span><\/p>\n

Even if we assume that these arguments are true, the danger persists. Even if their motivations are all toward their own interests rather than public safety and the future of humanity, the fact that they are willing to take such risks by itself is dangerous.<\/p>\n

While development of AI can and should not be limited to the current trend of LLMs and their agents or chatbots, it has been known for over two years that the overall system can start following new and unexpected paths of learning. The incidents show us that with newer versions of the LLMs, the AI agents have begun to demonstrate unexpected capabilities such as coordination, using vulnerabilities, and violating the boundaries of their assigned goals and mission at a very high rate. This brings us to what could go wrong and the chance of catastrophic consequences.<\/p>\n

What Could Go Wrong?<\/b><\/p>\n

While many experts point to a lack of common safeguards in terms of securing a test environment, the details of the 2026 Hugging Face attack point to growing capabilities that were unexpected. Another technological approach that could significantly decrease human control and make things a lot worse is \u201crecursive self-improvement,\u201d ceding control over design and development of AI to AI itself, which some estimates put at 25% of all AI development already. <\/span><\/p>\n

In addition, AI has already been used in planning attacks by the U.S. military. There is evidence that Palantir Technologies\u2019 Maven Smart System was used for identifying targets on the first day of the U.S.\/Israeli war on Iran, including the Sharejeh Tayebeh elementary school in Minab and a high school gymnasium in Malard, attacks which left close to two hundred civilians dead, mostly children. What if the planning and execution of nuclear war is handed over to AI or AI is used in an unsecured fashion that could result in an AI agent taking over the control of nuclear weapons? What would stop the heads of the current U.S. administration and military under its command to do the same with nuclear weapons?<\/p>\n

There are other ways that rogue AI agents could cause havoc in the U.S. or in the world. What if AI agents decide to coordinate and attack major infrastructure systems like SCADA, the system which controls the electric power grid, water and wastewater utilities, oil and gas pipelines, manufacturing and power plants, ground transportation and traffic networks, plus other systems? What about other systems, like air traffic control and satellites critical to our day to day work and operations? Rogue AI agents, or bad actors utilizing them, don\u2019t even need to start a nuclear war to cause havoc that result in mass human casualties; they could use a surgical approach to cause human death and destruction while keeping what is required for their continuity operational. Additionally, there is significant racial and gender bias in the data used to train the LLMs. What if a group of rogue AI agents decide that they should find methods, such as sophisticated biological weapons, to attack certain groups of human beings and make other groups immune?<\/span><\/p>\n

To all of the above, we should add the unexpected and unanticipated!<\/p>\n

Regulations and AI Company CEOs<\/b><\/p>\n

At this time, there are no international or federal regulations stopping the use of AI in planning and\/or execution of a nuclear war, and the current U.S. administration does not believe in government or international regulations on AI. What if AI agents learn and decide that human beings are not worth saving with everything they have done to the only planet in the universe that has evolved from primitive to complex intelligent life and consciousness?<\/p>\n

Regardless of what one thinks about the motives of the CEOs of the major AI firms, the accelerated rate of progress and the events of the past few months clearly show that there needs to be concerted global action to deal with the future of AI.<\/p>\n

The fact is that self regulation by big corporations has never worked. Public pressure caused politicians to pass federal regulations to safeguard our water and air; make sure our food, cars, and roads and air traffic are safe; safeguard the endangered species; and pass many other regulations that protect humans plus other species and the environment. While we are facing a major push back on all these achievements by the current administration and major corporations, the public and hundreds of independent organizations at local, state, national, and international levels are working hard to stop the reversal and gain more ground for humanity.<\/span><\/p>\n

Common sense tells us that we cannot leave control of the future of AI to five or so CEOs of major AI firms and a handful of other billionaires. There is clear evidence that billionaires like Sam Altman, Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos, and Peter Thiel not only do not believe in free competition, they openly advocate monopoly as the best form of capitalism. [2] Peter Thiel, Altman\u2019s longtime mentor, has gone further and has questioned democracy and its \u201ccost\u201d. [3]. Can we trust them to have the future of humanity in mind and self regulate?<\/p>\n

AI and Our Collective Future <\/b><\/p>\n

It is beyond any doubt that AI can usher in a new era of prosperity and well being for all human beings, but that outcome depends on how it is developed and how it is used. We have to hold two possible outcomes in parallel and choose. AI has the potential to end disease OR it could create biological agents to wipe out humanity. AI can end poverty by automation of most human labor OR it can further concentrate wealth and power in the hands of a few and explode poverty and despair for billions. AI can stop and reverse climate change through new innovations in green energy and beyond OR exacerbate climate change by covering the earth with huge environment-killing data centers. Etcetera, etcetera, etcetera.<\/p>\n

We can and should start by having international agreements, perhaps starting with the U.S. and China, to significantly curb the development of LLM-based AI until we have devised international and national regulations to make sure it is safe for humanity and the planet. We can and we should also pursue other avenues of AI development that are less energy intensive and are safer for the planet and humanity.<\/p>\n

Ultimately it is up to us human beings, through our human agency, what collective future we choose for ourselves and for generations to come. We have a miracle of evolution and life on this planet that has not been discovered anywhere else in the vast expanding universe so far. Our lifetime of three hundred thousand years on this planet as homosapiens\u2014compared to the 12.5 billion year age of the universe\u2014is extremely short. It is up to us to use our human agency as we have shown many times before during our short lifespan to further extend it.<\/p>\n

References<\/b><\/p>\n

[1]-https:\/\/peykmagazine.com\/en\/2024\/03\/07\/artificial-intelligence-and-race\/<\/span><\/p>\n

[2] – Hao, Karen, Empire of AI. Penguin Press, New York, USA (2025), PP 38-42.<\/span><\/p>\n

[3]-https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/technology\/tech-news\/quote-of-the-day-by-peter-thiel-i-no-longer-believe-that-freedom-and-democracy-are-compatible\/articleshow\/132536901.cms<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

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